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✦Scholar · Documented positions

European Council for Fatwa and Research

Collective fatwa body for Muslims in Europe. Contemporary · Body school · Europe. Every position below is drawn from the sourced consensus record — with its citation, and nothing added.

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European Council for Fatwa and Research

Collective fatwa body for Muslims in Europe

Body · Contemporary Europe

The collective body whose 1999 Dublin Resolution 2/4 is the most-cited basis for the permissive mortgage position. Critical reading: the resolution itself listed conditions — no halal alternative, primary residence only, exhausted alternatives — that contemporary AU borrowers rarely meet, and the conclusion has been subsequently rejected by AMJA and the OIC IIFA.

On the core questions

3 of the 6 core questions are documented for this voice. Each carries its source.

Q1 · Is riba prohibited in Islam?

Prohibits

Source:ECFR Resolutions

Q2 · Is conventional bank interest the same as Qurʾānic riba?

Prohibits

Source:ECFR Resolutions

Q3 · Is a conventional mortgage permissible by necessity (ḍarūrah) in the West?

Permits — strict conditions

Permitted Western Muslims to use conventional mortgages for primary residence under strict ḥājah conditions when no halal alternative exists. The most cited contemporary basis for the permissive position. Subsequently critiqued by AMJA, OIC IIFA, Mufti Taqi Usmani, and the majority of contemporary scholars.

Source:ECFR Fatwa, Dublin Session, Resolution 2/4· 1999

Positions are summarised conservatively from documented statements. A label reflects the scholar's strongest documented position; the nuance line captures the qualifiers. Verify against the cited source, and see the methodology for how these were formed.

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